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Environmental and biotic controls on bryophyte productivety along forest to peatland ecotones. 2007 Bauer IE, Tirlea D, Bhatti JS, Errington RC. 2013 116 (2): 97-112.) and plant development regulated by hormones ( Bauer et al. Mature spores of four pleurocarpous mosses in the Canary Islands: ultrastructure and early germination stages. 2013 Alfayate C, Ron E, Estébanez B, Pérez-Batista MÁ. The differentiation of moss protonemata: a cytological and experimental study. Particularly, moss protonemata are typical features to understand evolution of plant morphogenesis ( Pressel et al. Spore germination and protonemal development are two important areas to understand moss biology. These studies have provided information to understand its natural habitation for future preservation. Leaf cell damage and changes in photosynthetic pigment contents of three moss species under cadmium stress.
![spore biology spore biology](http://archive.bio.ed.ac.uk/jdeacon/FungalBiology/fig10_23a.jpg)
In addition, effects of cadmium on leaf cell damage and photosynthetic pigments have been investigated ( Gong et al. Influence of dehydration and rehydration on photosynthetic chlorophyll characteristics and reactive oxygen species metabolism in Dolichomitriopsis diversiformis. 2009), and photosynthetic responses to light, temperature and plant water content (Li et al. 2008), nutrient allocation to reproduction organs (Li et al. A study on distribution pattern of an epiphytic bryophyte, Dolichomitriopsis diversiformis (Lembophyllaceae) on tree trunks in forest in Fanjing Mountain of Guizhou. 2006 Liu B, Jiang YF, Li J, Huang H, Chen J. To date, certain types of researches have been completed to understand its natural habit ( Liu et al. This region is characterized by a typical monsoon montane humid mid-subtropical climate, which allows a diverse vegetation and offers an appropriate growth environment for D. The average annual temperature, precipitation and relative humidity in this region is 6-17 ℃ and 1100-2600 mm, 80%, respectively. We recently found this species in Fanjin Mountain (about 2570 m altitude sea level) in the Wuling Mountainous region (500-2570.5 m altitude sea level), Guizhou Province, China.
![spore biology spore biology](http://archive.bio.ed.ac.uk/jdeacon/FungalBiology/fig10_22a.jpg)
For example, its growth habitats on tree trunks in the altitudes from 1650 to 2080 m sea level have been destructed by deforestation. Biodiversity in China - actualities and protective strategies. Although this moss species was an endemic species in those provinces in China, its prevalence has been threatened by climate change, air pollution and habitat destruction ( Chen 1993 Chen LZ. Hattori Botanical Laboratory, Nichian, Miyazaki, Japan. Part 3: Distribution of Dolichomitriopsis diversiformis (Mitt.) Nog.: Japan, Korea. In addition, this species is prevalent in Hokkaido, Nonshu, Shikoku and Yushu in Japan ( Noguchi 1989 Noguchi A. of the Lembophyllaceae (Bryophyta) is a perennial, epiphytic and dioecious species native to eastern China, mainly distributing in Anhui, Guizhou, Sichuan and Zhejiang Provinces (Wu 1992 Bureau of National Environmental Protection 1998). These observations suggest that spore germination and sporeling development is regulated by light and temperature.ĭolichomitriopsis diversiformis spore protonema light temperatureĭolichomitriopsis diversiformis (Mitt.) Nog. It was interesting that a phenomenon of slow and hysteretic spore germination and protonematal development was observed in natural light and room temperature (5-10℃). In a continuous light condition, sporelings grew longer and developed more protonema branches in the 20 ℃ treatment than in the 25 ℃ treatment. In addition, effects of 20 ℃ and 25 ℃ on sporeling were compared. However, when dark-cultured spores transferred to continuous light, they started to geminate in 48 hours. In contrast, in darkness at 20 ℃ from one to 30 days, spores did not germinate. In 24 h continuous illumination, all spores germinated in both 20 ℃ and 25 ℃. Light and dark conditions were compared to understand their effects on spore germination. Microscopic observations revealed that its spores were positively photoblastic with exosporous germination, and sporelings were classified as the bryum-type. In vitro culture and light microscopic observation were employed to study its developmental process from spore germination to the formation of young gametophyte, as well as effects of light and temperature on its spore germination and protonemal development. Dolichomitriopsis diversiformis is an endemic and threatened moss in eastern Asia.